Given that the time it takes for an AI to be built that shows sufficient performance on a given task is likely to be much shorter than the time it takes for talent to grow through education, what should education aim for in an era like this?

Oh, I've been agonizing over this for a long time, so I'm glad to hear you're wrestling with the same question too haha I hold the existentialist conclusion that no matter how much AI advances, the most important decisions must be ones we can make for ourselves, so in the end I think education should cultivate 'the ability to decide one's own future.'

When this extends to the scale of society and we become members within a democratic system, I think we will need even more knowledge, not only to decide for ourselves but also to take part in the future of society. As we go forward, more stakes will become entangled in social decisions with ever higher complexity, and to contribute meaningfully to these decisions we cannot fall far behind AI's abilities, so whether we can raise civic capacity or not seems likely to become the key crossroads for sustaining democracy.

In short, it is about raising people who have the capacity to decide their own future.